Case Studies & Research
Landmark cases that shaped modern diagnostics, and the classifications and guidelines our reporting is built on. When we publish our own cases, they will be fully de-identified, no patient name, ID, or image, ever.
Milestones in diagnostic pathology
Cervical cancer: the Pap smear & HPV
How cytology screening and the HPV discovery made cervical cancer largely preventable, the story behind our Pap and HPV tests.
Hepatitis B & C and liver cancer
How identifying two viruses linked chronic infection to liver cancer, and why testing for HBV and HCV matters.
HIV: from discovery to molecular testing
How isolating a virus and building tests to detect it turned a once-fatal infection into a manageable, monitored condition.
Tuberculosis: Koch’s bacillus to molecular
How identifying the TB bacterium, and later detecting its DNA, sped up diagnosis of one of the world’s oldest diseases.
HLA-B27 & ankylosing spondylitis
How one genetic marker, read alongside the clinical picture, helps make sense of long-standing inflammatory back pain.
The granuloma under the microscope
How a distinctive cluster of immune cells on a biopsy points the pathologist toward TB and other diagnoses.
Diagnosing carcinoma: the biopsy
Why examining the tissue itself remains the definitive way to diagnose cancer, the foundation of modern pathology.
The Philadelphia chromosome
How one abnormal chromosome in leukaemia launched targeted therapy and shaped modern molecular diagnostics. Educational milestone.
The standards our reporting is built on
Widely used international classifications and guidelines our diagnostics reference, each explained on its own page.
WHO Classification of Tumours (5th ed.)
The international standard that integrates histopathology with molecular pathology to define and name tumours.
Read the explainer BreastASCO–CAP HER2 Testing Guideline
The standard for how HER2 status is tested and reported to guide HER2-targeted therapy.
Read the explainer LungCAP–IASLC–AMP Molecular Testing Guideline
Guidance on selecting molecular tests for lung cancer patients considered for targeted therapy.
Read the explainer ColorectalCAP–AMP MMR / MSI Testing Guideline
Standards for testing mismatch-repair (MMR) and microsatellite instability (MSI) status.
Read the explainerRefer a case or start a conversation
Tell us what you need, our team will help with sample requirements, turnaround, and reporting.